if they crossed the red , they are up against the whole of nato and the whole of nato capability, and that is a very serious capability. vago: are you convinced that is a message the russians have taken? some russians look at syria as a that diffusesp whatever pressure they may be exerting over ukraine. do you think the message of deterrence has penetrated moscow? >> well, there is no absolute answer on perceptions of deterrence. it is always shades of gray. but we need to make sure that are on thee hands levers of power understand very clearly where the red lines are and the implications of crossing them. i don't believe mr. putin and ae russian leadership want strategic conflict with nato. i am sure they would avoid that. we want to make sure they understand that taking certain mighties with nato inevitably lead them in that direction, so avoid it. vago: what do you think the priorities should be for the warsaw summit? obviously, there is a lot of work going into preparing for it. capabilitieshink -- are the capabilities the specifically address? >> it's not for me to lay down prior

. >>> nato is pushing back. an international security conference this morning, dmitri m medyevev -- >> remains unfriendly and opaque. one could go as far as to say we have slid back to a new cold war, almost an everyday basis we ae called one of the most terrible threats either 0 nato as a whole or to europe or to the united states. sometimes i wonder whether it is 2016 we live in, or 1962. >> let's bring in cnn international diplomatic editor nick robinson joining me from munich. tell us more about nato's response and should the west see the prime minister's comments as more of a threat rather than a complaint? >>. >> reporter: viewed as russia's interpretation how it sees the situation and perhaps more of an indication about what russia does nap was certainly the opinion when i talked to the supreme allied commander of nato forces. u.s. four-star general philip breedlove. it is russia trying to not even rewrite the rules but create new rules, crossing international borders into ukraine, annexing crimea, develo

and like our nato alliance, we have to do things differently. we have a new playbook for nato. it's not going to look like it did during the cold war days but still has to stand strong for common defense. but i expect this to be part of our responsibilities for a long time. it is what we owe our people. that's why we're here. and we can do it, but it's a very different kind of job from the way my predecessors way back needed to do my job and these gentlemen needed to do their jobs. >> thank you, mr. secretary. i think there's a common thread, actually, in much of what we just heard, which is about the destructive power of relatively few people. and i think in the last session, in your conversation with the professor, you were touching on technology as the driver of that. and i think we have seen, in the book that he referred to, we have pointed out exactly this point, that technology makes it possible to inflict much more damage. without having neither a big army nor a particularly sophisticated organization. and that means that, you know, once upon a time, if you had the bigge

reporter: nato defense ministers were faced with an improv joe -- and impromptu proposal. the countries are asking nato to take on a new role in the refugee crisis. >> it is unbearable to see how the assad government is bombing its own people and forcing hundreds of thousands to flee. we have to work closely with turkey, where people are heading for protection. reporter: the joint proposal would pave the way for nato forces to take steps to identify and dismantle human trafficking networks. >> to help save lives in the eastern mediterranean and help disrupt the criminal business models behind this trafficking is extremely welcome, and we will be looking at that proposal very seriously. reporter: the overall response was polite but reserved. many say nato will not rule out providing some sort of assistance, but the european union would have to shoulder the brunt of the burden. benrent: we are covering the meeting. reporter: on the table are the plans to use the existing nato ships that are stationed in the east mediterranean to calm turkey's nerves. we have seen and heard a

. >>> nato is pushing back. an international security conference this morning, dmitri m medyevev -- >> remains unfriendly and opaque. one could go as far as to say we have slid back to a new cold war, almost an everyday basis we ae called one of the most terrible threats either 0 nato as a whole or to europe or to the united states. sometimes i wonder whether it is 2016 we live in, or 1962. >> let's bring in cnn international diplomatic editor nick robinson joining me from munich. tell us more about nato's response and should the west see the prime minister's comments as more of a threat rather than a complaint? >>. >> reporter: viewed as russia's interpretation how it sees the

nato's commander in europe, u.s. general philip breedlove, has issued repeated warnings. >> russia is blatantly attempting to change the rules and principles that have been the foundation of european security for decades. >> warner: but how far do putin's ambitions extend? it's one thing to reassert influence in one-time soviet republics, like ukraine, georgia and moldova. but would he really move against once independent countries taken over by the soviets during world war ii who are free again and now members of the nato alliance? >> this union of 12 nations became known as the north atlantic treaty organization or, more simply, nato. >> warner: nato was formed in april 1949, with 12 members, to defend themselves from the soviet union based on the principle: an attack on one is an attack on all. but after the berlin wall fell in 1989 and the soviet union collapsed in 1991, many former soviet satellite states and republics sought and won the protection of nato's security umbrella. most galling to the russians was na

nato as has agreed to send troops to stop smuggling. james, we have been waiting for this news conference for sometime now. do we know whether it's afternoon live going to go ahead this evening? >> reporter: well, i think it is. i think we have to hear from someone about what this meeting has achieved or has not achieved. earlier on the u.n. special envoy stefan dee my stew a told me this was an absolutely crucial meeting. lelet me remind you why it is crucial. last we're there were talks between the on opposition delegation and government delegation they never sat down together and never even really god to have the proximity talks but were in geneva at the same time but those talks basically were on hold because of the russian bam board. because of the syrian army's advance around aleppo and it was decided to get all the international sponsors of this process back around the table to try to get things back on track. that is what they have been trying to do here in munich. the meeting of all of the different delegations, there are 19 go

elsewhere nato defense minister meeting in brussels and agreed to sent war ships to the aegean sea to stop mugingly refugees and migrants to europe. more on that in a moment but first to munich and our diplomatic editor james base and is there much cause for optimism? >> i don't think so at this stage. certainly there is a great deal of effort going on, 19 delegations now meeting the so called international syria support group, the international supporters and backers of the process trying to get the process and talks in geneva back on track but in many ways it was a meeting that happened a few hours ago that was most important of the day between sergei fedorov and the u.s. secretary of state john kerry. you just have to look at the meeting and pictures from the start of the meeting and it told you from the very start this was a very difficult meeting. russia proposing a ceasefire but from the first of march the u.s. and its western arab allies saying that means russia would have another three weeks of bombardment to change the situation radically on the ground. i think they are talki

. >> and nobody ever leaves nato? >> and nobody ever leave necessitating. the obligation to defend them, russia is right there and these countries are very vulnerable. particularly lath via aand estonia. we are going to build up cs they will train with the baltics and they'll go home and we'll put equipment into warehouses so that if we ever had to get there we could fly the people in, the equipment would already be there. that makes aa statement to the russians about u.s. commitment. because the problem is if the russians could get to riga in three days which is what the estimates are, csis did a study on this, so did rand, and they essentially kick us out of the baltics, fighting our way back in is much, much more costly. it's much better to defend forward. >> in conversations that go on around this is there somebody in the room that is saying, come on they are not only in nato, they ar have europeans in their pocket. the idea that russia is in riga is off the charts, not going to happen. >> it's as unlikely the russians being in the crimea. >> isn't it d

stay with us. ♪ ♪ >>> nato is stepping in to help europe's refugee cries for it's first time. the multi-national agency is working to stop smugglers from bringing people from turk any to greece. europe's plans to cope with the influx of refugees is a major topic of discussion at the munich security conference going other right now. al jazeera's dominic kane reports from munich. >> reporter: the crisis in syria both militarily and in terms of the humanitarian catastrophe that it has provoked over the past five years have been dominant themes here at the munich conference. i spoke to the second general of amnesty international who told me he felt there was an absence of leadership by world powers and many of the regional players in the middle east regarding syria, both in terms of the fighting and in terms of the humanitarian issue. the fact that nato is providing vessels in the mediterranean sea he felt was a good thing, but the fact also the greek vessels and turkish vessels can only patrol their own without percent potentially a problem. there is the fact that the turkish pre

and they see that as not particularly a friendly gesture towards nato and nato countries. so i said, doesn't that amount to a slippage towards a cold war? he said, look, from our perspective and nato's perspective, we are not trying to head in that direction, but the implication is, across the border, russia is upping these measures, annexing countries and crossing international borders. >> i know we just heard from medvedev there, but some people may not have understood every word he was trying to say with that translation. he says, "you could say even more sharply we have fallen into a new cold war. nearly on a daily basis we are blamed for the most terrible threat to nato as a whole. they make scary movies were russia starts a nuclear war. i sometimes wonder whether they are in 2016 or 1962." michael, is that hyperbole? >> i don't think it's hyperbole. i think it's the russian security doctrine of freudian projection. you accuse your enemy of that of which you yourself are guilty. i can't count how many times president obama and the u.s. defense establishment have said

, nato countries. from the north to the north of syria, one of these missile systems is being install thursday. russian missile system is being installed there. it denies area access to land forces, to potential attack by air, to the sea, as well. so from his perspective, he says that nato doesn't feel like it's in a cold war with russia. russia's open to its own interpretation. this is what he told me. >> isn't this by definition the cold war arms build-up? >> well, they are entitled to their understanding of this. and their description of this. we in nato do not want to see a cold war. we do not talk about it. it is not what we want to have happen or anticipate happening. we're a defensive alliance who are arraying ourselves to face a challenge. and we see that challenge as a nation that has again decided that tell use force to change jirnly recognized borders. we take those appropriate actions to be able to assure, defend, and deter. >> russia's ambassador to the united states has weighed in on this

than three days there would be pretty much nothing that nato could do about it. they come with several items on the agenda to consider. one is to enhance the forward presence of most military personnel and military hardware closer to the russian border to provide both a fast response and deterrent factor as well. because the concern of the nato secretary germ, he said this was the most challenging security environment in a generation. we have to make sure that we're always able to defend allies against any threat. therefore we have increased our presence because we are faced with a more challenging and demanding security moment not least caused by more assertive russia. and investing heavily in defense, and also a russia which has used military force to change borders in europe and to intimidate neighbors. >> the meeting will continue on thursday and then defense ministers will abruptly switch hats. they'll move into an anti-coalition meeting talking about the game in syria. it's a broad range of subjects they have to contend with over this two-day meeting. >> no

. >> nato's maritime forces will share the information with frontex. several nato members could reinforce those ships. the goal is to stop all illegal migration. nato says it is not targeting the migrants, but helping them. >> there is now a criminal syndicate which is exploiting these poor people, targeting that -- poor people. targeting that is, i think, the way that the greatest effect can in the humanitarian dimension. >> italian, greek, and turkish coast guard rescued people -- seaue people in the aegean on a regular basis. turkey, twohile, in suspected smugglers are on trial, accused of causing the death of migrants, including aylan kurdi, whose dead body on the shores of turkey sparked an outpouring of support for inuggling migrants back september. if convicted, the alleged smugglers could face up to 35 years in jail. i,s father, abdullah kurd is also on trial in absentia. he has been accused of people smuggling by the two defendants present at the courtroom. troops are put on the ground in syria, there is a risk of world war -- those are the wo

to defend nato territory. we do that with activity sets the permanent presence, exercises and so forth and russia should know that what they see in europe on a daily basis is not what we used to defend europe. we have plans to do that, the defense of nato territory and we would do it with the full weight of the united states as has always been the case. it will be different, and i emphasize that. it is not just territorial. little green men, hybrid warfare. the kinds of things you saw in crimea and ukraine. a different kind of threat but what we have to plan for in order to show strength and be strong. >> very briefly. >> very quickly. the secretary mentioned exercises. posture forces, would that make a difference. with the european initiative does, it helps us develop interoperability. the exercises are designed to send a clear and unmistakable message of our commitment to article five and as importantly a clear demonstration that if russia faces nato may face the full weight of the military capability and th

they are all members of nato. the alliance is bound to regard an attack on them as an attack on all. to see what would happen if russia invaded the three baltic states. the results were shocking. russian forces crushed nato's defenses. vladimir putin's army was able to reach latvia and estonia's capitals in less than three days. nato's infantry couldn't retreat for the most part. it was destroyed by the russian attacks. why the dramatic defeat for the most powerful military alliance on earth? rand says russia has far more firepower and manpower in the region. in the 1980s there were 300,000 u.s. army soldiers in europe. today there's 30,000. russia has 22 according to rand, while nato has 12 baltic ba it. talions. russia has vamped up their military maneuvers to a point unheard of since the cold war. what does nato need to do to face down this renewed russian threat? the obama administration's budget proposal this week would add one brigade for europe that rotates in from the united states, bringing the total to t

when nato does military exercises everything is put online. it's trying to be friendly to russia, you know, using russia as a supply route to get supplies through to nato troops, u.s. forces inside afghanistan. some of those run through russia. look, trying to be friendly but not seeing it from the other side. look, it's russia breaking international laws, going, crossing international borders into ukraine, annexing crimea. trying not just to rewrite the international rule book but create a whole new said of rules and pointed to missile defense systems russia has so-called a-2 ad systems, anti-access aerial denial systems. they target and can target any threat from the air, coming from sea, coming from the land. nato is saying russia building up clusters of these all across, all down the length of the border between russia or russian interests and nato, to leningrad in the north, st. petersburg, crimea and now in northern syria. complex, sophisticated missile systems that look right at nato, turkey, in the south. this is a concern. so while he

alliance. >> this is very unpleasant for nato and nato will do everything to prevent it but it doesn't depend on nato or russia but whether erdogan decides to intervene in syria. france germany italy and spain wouldn't want to fight because of erdogan's adventurism. >> last week they opened their first international office in moscow, russia insists they be involved in the stalled geneva negotiations. turkey says any kurdish autonomy is existential threat. davutoglu lashed out. >> ypg and pyd forces who are simply pawns meaptd b meaptd b y russia. >> even if the sessionatio cessf hostilities commences. but if it keeps hitting groups that regional allies support and if turkey continues shelling syria's kurdish fighters then risks multiply, there's the risk that it will be dead this the water and there's also the risk that the regional powers in this complex proxy war might end up being pulled into outright conflict. rory challands, al jazeera, moscow. >> riot police have detained uganda's major opposition leader, kizza besigye, main challenger to president yoweri museveni who is seeking

we don't have nato and iraq. we have members of the nato alliance or nato itself, and we can work through those in the past. it is a political issue. the forces are more than capable enough to be shoulder to shoulder with us to make an invaluable contribution. >> it is a critical issue. >> i think right now your in a good position as far as protecting our country. we know a lot about cyber. it affects our business, communities, combatant command. in that regard because of the fact that we need to deal and focus on cyber, i personally believe we need to take cyber command and make it into a fully functional combatant command. i represent an essay. are you considering that? and we need to focus on the budget issue. and then one question about russia. >> thank you, congressman. we continue to consider ways to improve our approach for cyber. it is a growing organization. it is now a sub unified command. that is an arrangement that works but is not optimal. we have a reluctance because what we are doing is cutting hea

elsewhere nato defense ministers meeting in brussels agreed to send war ships to the aegean sea to stop smuggling refugees and migrants to europe and lots to get through first and we will start in munich and speak to our editor james base and the talks have finally got underway james, but very difficult challenges ahead of everyone there. >> very difficult challenges. we have the full international syria support group, 19 different delegations of international and regional players trying to get the whole process back on track because remember those geneva talks between the syrian government and the syrian opposition were stalled. most important meeting though happened earlier and that was the meeting between the russian foreign minister sergei fedorov and the u.s. secretary of state john kerry and you just look at their faces at the beginning of the meeting to tell the story how difficult this all was. russians proposing a ceasefire from the first of march and u.s. and the arab and western allies saying that would mean three weeks of russian bombardment changing the situation on the gro

we don't have nato in iraq, for example, in syria but we have nato nations there. and almost anywhere we are we have either members of the nato alliance or nato itself. and i frankly think that we can work through those things, and we have in the past. it's a political issue but once there's commitment and will to the mission, the forces are more than capable enough to be shoulder to shoulder to us and i believe that as a commander. >> thank you. it is a critical issue. >> i think right now that the job that you're doing, we're in a good position as far as protecting our country. with that said, we know a lot about cyber. we know it's one of the biggest threats we face. we know it affects our business, communities, combatant commands. we have a lot of work to do there. in that yard because of the fact that we need to deal and focus on cyber, one, i personally believe we need to take cyber command and make it into a fully functional combatant command. i happened to represent nsa in my district and fort mead. are you considering that? if you are, do you have any time

alliance. >> this is very unpleasant for nato and nato will do everything to prevent it. it doesn't matter for nato or russia. but on erdogan's being determination. and adventurism. >> last week they opened their first international office in moscow. russia insists they be involved in the stalled good evening negotiations. for turkey this is out of the question. it sees any encouragement of kurdish autonomy as a exidges es threat. existential threat. if they continue to act in this manner, russia has made the munich agreement insignificant by the statement today. >> russia has made it explicitly clear it won't stop bombing terrorist groups, even if the many conference commences. but if it keeps hitting groups for western support and if turkey keeps on shelling kurdish fighters then risk that the anticipated syrian cessation of loss tilts will be dead in the water and the regional powers in this complex proxy war might end up being pulled into outright conflict. rory challands. al jazeera, moscow. >>> russian analyst, alex, weren't we talking about what's currently going o

military forces into nato member states including estonia, latvia, and lithuania. is this a prudent or a provocative move by president obama? pat buchanan? pat: john, the question is who started cold war ii? i think we kid. the soviets wanted to be friends and allies of the united states so we moved nato right into the baltic republics. three of which were part of the soviet union. putin is reacting to that. he's got a significant military build-up and now we're reacting to that. my view is -- i'm not against, frankly, a next president trying a real reset that respects russian national interests, they respect ours and we get away with this face-off. for heaven's sakes, any kind of war over estonia would be the end of estonia and a disaster that every great president of the cold war avoided. eleanor: first of all, the expansion of nato happened under bill clinton and was approved of by his secretary successors, including republican president george w. bush. so there is not a -- of obama. when obama took office he dealt very well with president medvedev and we had a

as it an agenda item that nato should step in regarding the results of the refugee flow from syria. in particular, we will make a common efforts of nature's monitoring --nato's monitoring mechanisms should be used effectively on the border and on the aegean sea. reporter: both countries pledged to redouble efforts to fight human trafficking and criminal gangs that profit from the refugees' desperation. just how important this is was brought home today. thousands drowned as they attempted to reach the e.u. brent: there are concerns the fighting in the syrian city of aleppo that has tribute a refugee surge headed for western europe. germany is worried. it admitted more than one million migrants last year. so our countries along the balkan route which have been pushed to their limits by the flow of refugees. macedonininiars to be the latest to close its border. thousands of refugees are stuck on the greek side with nowhere to go. christopher witnessed firsthand the conditions. he has this report. reporter: in greece, the migration crisis has become a test of endurance. these syrian chi

nato takes on human traffickers. nato ships begin patrolling the seas between greece and turkey in an effort to stop people smugglers. and catching a wave. researchers in the u.s. say they have detected gravitational waves which have eluded physicists for decades, but what are they? we will do our best to explain. i am brent goff. good to have you with us. lights, camera, and the berlin international film festival. it kicks off this evening with plenty of store power on hand. the president of this year's seven-member jury is the u.s. actress meryl streep. she told the press earlier that she has "no idea how to run a jury." streep is joined on the panel by an actress in germany and clive owen from britain, among others. it will decide who gets the top prize, the golden bear for best picture, which is due to be awarded next saturday. what an exciting time it is in berlin rght now, and my very lucky colleague sarah hartman is standing right beside the red carpet this evening. good evening to you. you always get the luck

. >> reporter: in the past ten days, nato has deployed to reinforce europe's borders. there are five ships out in the international waters of the aegean sea dividing greece from turkey. nato insists their vessels will not be intercepting boats carrying refugees and turning them back. they will adhere to international treaties requiring them to come to the aid of people in distress at sea. but those people picked up by nato ships will be returned to turkey. will this strategy work? professor christodoulos yiallourides, dean of athens' panteion university believes it could make a difference. >> ( translated ): nato can't stop them coming; she can however assist in restricting the flow of migrants simply because of her presence-it will be known that nato is waiting for them and this should act as a deterrent. >> reporter: nato did not deter these 90 afghans, picked up by the greek coast guard. among them, edriss bayat, who used to work as an administrator for nato in afghanistan. what do you think of the way europe is reacting to the refugee crisis? >> i think they are do

nato is conduction militaruy manuevers in countries bordering russia. they are stationing equipment and ground troops in those countries. the alliance has also established a rapid- reaction force. secretary-general :28 russian military build-up which we have seen over several years, (:15) not only a military build-up but also the fact that russia is willing to use military power to change have done in ukraine." stoltenberg said he talked with russia's foreign minister on friday about the possibility of a nato-russia council meeting. the pope is making a stop in mexico. pope francis got a huge welcome from tens of thousands of catholics in mexico city yesterday. he spoke to political and church leaders. he also challenged mexico's elite to provide for their people with secuirty, justice, and courageous pastoral care. the pope the condemned the drug- inspired violence and corruption the today: increasing clouds with highs in the mid 20s. wind: n 10-15mph. tonight: cloudy with snow showers after midnight. lows in the 20s. wind: e 5-10mph. monday: morning s

. >>> nato is responding to the refugee crisis in the conflict in syria. multinational ships will go to the mediterranean. each country is struggling to stem the tide of asylum seekers. >> reporter: in defiance of tougher border controls, and in the winter storms in the seas, this group was rescued on tuesday. so far this year, around 1500 people a day are making the dangerous crossing. turkey has taken in some 2 million refugees from the syrian conflict and now wants helpful turkish president, in a critical speech on thursday, warned that without more support, he could simply open the borders and let the refugees leave. >> in the border town we put them in a bus and turned them back, but we can only do this once or twice, and i'm sorry, and open the doors and tell them have a good journey. >> reporter: the nato defense minsters have been meeting in brussels, but the german greek propose ol to send ships was only float opened monday of this week and seemed to take nato by surprise. nevertheless, the ships are being sent. >> our military authorities will wo

any refugees that are saved by nato vessels will be returned to turkey. and turkey has so far expressed a willingness to receive them back. but for how much longer? paul brennan, al jazeera, brussels. >>> let's get more now on all of these developments joining us live in the studio is the chair of the contemporary middle eastern politics and international relations at the london school of economics. thanks for coming in. just going back to munich. the stumbling block is the issue of the ceasefire and when it might start. do you think they might agree to that this evening or do you think it's unlikelily? >> there is a big divide between the united states and russia. the united states wants an immediate ceasefire now, not tomorrow. while the russians are not in a hurry. they are not committal. they suggested the first of march. their dog is winning. assad and his allies. they are not in a hurry at all. they have tipped the scales in to the favor of assad. in two or three weeks the syrian army will be five or 10 miles away from the turkish borders, so the ru

nato, ladies and gentlemen, is fully alive and willing to act responsibly. i'd like to extend a very big thank you to nato, to the secretary general and to the entire organization. with what they actively with china, with states -- afghanistan in particular, india, even russia and turkey, two bilateral and multilateral mechanisms. we're in the process of creating an emerging consensus that a stable afghanistan that can tackle the actors and drivers with stability is in everybody's best interest. this requires continuous work. and because of that, bilateral, tri-lateral and multilateral method need to support this. the key to the country who wants this is to take ownership of the process and not just wait that others act on good will. on the islamic dimension, the -- against terrorism is a very, very significant -- for the first time, muslim's colors are confronting the problem, naming it, and simultaneously exposing the fundamental weaknesses of governance. i hope that this declaration is matched with coherent action and coordination. what is fundamental fro

all three men stressing that turkey is not just a member of nato. it is a close ally of the united states. while the u.s. hear turkey's concerns in particular about what the status of syrian kurds including those who belong to the pyd the u.s.' view is nat pyd and other syrian kurdish groups are doing a lot of good in the fight against isil. brett mcgirth was testifying earlier on wednesday. and he was very diplomatic, lauren in how he responded to criticism by not just turkey, but from france and other countries that u.s. is doing enough to try to end the civil war inside syria. >> what about any practical help. as we know while the talking goes on or doesn't go on, if you like the people in syria are still suffering. air drops or practical measures might be used to improve the humanitarian situation at least. >> mcgirth was asked that question by one member of the panel they were very concerned pickerly in light of the reports reports. what has been happening in madaya aleppo and other parts of syria. mcgurt said that they're always trying to get

you get to a nato base. that is a strange situation. baserom a native -- nato and to an isis base. charlie: with respect to russia and nato, the thing that putin is driven by in part is borders. that is what he feared about george and ukraine. beingw nato coming in and that close to the russian border. ofy have a long history worrying about its borders. he is driven by that idea. >> chaos creates opportunities. that people like putin don't want to miss. he sees an opportunity for expansion. rebuild thety to ottoman empire around turkey. i think he is seeing an opportunity to rebuild a czarist interest. those are competing agendas. charlie: the book is called broke loose."hell thank you for joining us. see you next time. ♪ >> i am mark halperin >> i am john heilemann. >> and with all due respect, i am with hillary. john: tgif sports fans. although some candidates are dreading what comes this weekend, we are in south carolina, in columbia. this is our last day here on the eve of the presidential contest. the games are underway for their public and primary here and in nevada.

you get to a nato base. that is a strange situation. try from a nato base and to an isis base. charlie: with respect to russia and nato, the thing that putin is driven by in part is borders. that is what he feared about george and ukraine. somehow nato coming in and being that close to the russian border. they have a long history of worrying about its borders. he is driven by that idea. >> chaos creates opportunities. opportunities that people like putin don't want to miss. he sees an opportunity for expansion. erdowan saw an opportunity to rebuild the ottoman empire around turkey. i think he is seeing an opportunity to rebuild a czarist interest. those are competing agendas. charlie: the book is called "and then all hell broke loose." thank you for joining us. see you next time. ♪ ♪ carol: welcome to bloomberg businessweek. coming up, we profile one of the most important and least known members of a leadership team at apple. why marco rubio is one of the presidential candidates looking to connect with the hot brand for political gain. the alamo drafthouse dine in movie the

both greece and italy and turkey are members of nato and trying to bring in nato to act. the italians want the refugee to solve their issue on the libiab coast. if you don't help me in what i want to achieve on the syrian, turbush border. i will release the refugees. there is a difference. >> the russians are supporting assad in syria. does that mean that his side has to win the civil war there or can nato perhaps tip the balance against assad. >> the russians have two years of time where they have helped assad and the battle of aleppo will be the selling grad. and they will seize the sunni city. and if nato intervenes with the turks to stop that advance by a different means, then we'll have a stable situation. if the arabs move in. this could lead to renegotiation once you have a balance on the ground. now you don't have a balance on the ground. walid, thank you. >>> and stocks plunge in a triple digit selloff. what it means for the bottom line and economy. >> marco rubio's campaign eyeing a new set back in new hampshire. could he lose the primaries and still win the rep

we moved nato into the baltic republics, three of which they were part of the soviet union. putin is reacting to that. he's got a tremendous, or significant military buildup and now we're reacting to that. my view is, i am not against frankly our next president trying to a real reset, and we get away from this faceoff, and any kind of war between the united states and russia, would be the end of estonia and a disaster every great president of the cold war avoided. of nato happened under bill clinton and was approved of by his successors, including republican president george w. bush, so this is not a policy that barack obama -- no, no, when obama took office he dealt well with putin's predecessor and we had a few good years. and putin came in flexing his muscles. you think obama should sit back and say that's fine with us? the baltic nations are nervous about all the needling by putin who is trying to comment for -- >> germans will be sending troops in there, too? >> i don't think we want germany beefing up their military. >> [inaudible] >> yes, yes, we have strategic intere

. >> not to mention they are a nato country. instability in turkey would be something of great concern to the united states, nato, eu, the west in general. >> could we is a see a point we turkey's nato membership could become a liability to the united states? >> under the treaty, an attack on any member state is treated as an attack on all. but no one's really invoked that for terrorist-style attacks. the british didn't for the ira for example. it would be difficult to see how turkey could bring everyone, other nato members in to attack the pkk. we have all acknowledged the pkk is a listed terrorist group by the united states, i believe by the europeans as well. it's hard to see what more nato could do. >> there was some talk in france of invoking article 5 and it wasn't. how much of a powder keg is the region becoming? turkey and russia has been at each other's necks ever since turkey shot down a russian plane near its border. are you among those who think this could become a broader regional or even a world conflict? >> i don'

he outlined the plan today at a gathering of nato defense ministers in brussels. ash carter/ secretary of defense "the campaign plan calls, first and foremost, for the defeat of isil (isis) in syria and iraq because that's the place from which this cancer arose and it needs to be defeated there and significantly the cities of mosul and raqqa need to be recaptured and our operational plan focuses on that." carter also commended germany, turkey and greeceor coming together o oa proposal to expand nato's maritime initiative in the mediterranean hillary clinton and bernie sanders face off in their next debate tonight... and all the candidates have turned their focus toward the next primaries in south carolina. tracie potts is in washington with a look at where they stand. with chris christie and carly fiorina out - it's a smaller field now in south carolina. this next primary could make or break jeb bush and marco rubio. (sot: gov. jeb bush, (r) presidential candidate :11 - :16) "the question for people in south carolina is: what kind of person do you want behind the

support in the nato refugee operation. >> that in itself is curious form decades nato has really been heads by the united states, whether it's operations in kosovo, bosnia, afghanistan and so on, nato really only works best when the u.s. is in the lead, when it's not it is a token effort at best. and frankly, the united states has a great interest in handling this refugee crisis. whether it is the impact on a british exit vote of the e.u., the immaterial possession of internal borders the rise of far right and far left party, political implications for angela merkel. there is a lot riding on this and it is of direct u.s. interest to try to help manage it. >>> on saturday second o secretf state john kerry called it a near echo sensual threat to europe. >>> a the situation at one northern california prison is so bad it may have led five correctional officers to commit suicide in the past seven years. the high desert state prison is located in susanville, a remote town in northeast california. a"america tonight's" michael has more. >> reporter: in the past seven years there have been fiv

drive from a nato base and to an isis base. charlie: with respect to russia and nato, the thing that putin is driven by in part is borders. i mean, that is what he feared about georgia and ukraine. somehow nato coming in and being that close to the russian border. russia has a long history of worrying about its borders. putin is driven by that idea. richard: chaos creates opportunities. and opportunities that people like putin don't want to miss. chaos next door, he sees an opportunity for expansion. erdogan saw opportunity to rebuild the ottoman empire around turkey. i think he is seeing an opportunity to rebuild a czarist interest. those are competing agendas. charlie: the book is called "and then all hell broke loose." richard, thank you for joining us. see you next time. ♪ >> the following is a paid advertisement for time life's music collection. >> ♪ you're the meaning in my life you're the inspiration ♪ >> ♪ that's how much i feel i feel for you, baby that's how much i need i need your touch ♪ announcer: intimat

and allies because turkey is a nato member should not be dealing with the y.p.g. and consider it as a terrorist organization. the turkish authorities identified a 24-year-old syrian occurred as the perpetrator behind wednesday's attack, saying it has detained 14 our culprits it claims were responsible for this. in the past 12 hours, turkish air force planes have bombed kurdish sites in northern iraq as well as shelling sites inside syria. turkey said this latest attack should serve as a wake up calm should serve as a wake up call to the international community that a buffer zone needs to be created inside syria, that it needs ground troops under the umbrella of an international coalition, that it's not enough to fight isil, some action has to be taken against the kurdish groups which the governments using the kurdish groups as a proxy in its fight against ankara. this can't happen as long as russia continues to control the skies. the russian air force has been bombing parts of syria for several weeks, if not months now. unless nato backs up turkey and goes into co

. >> nato's policy about russia is opaque. could be said we sled back to a cold war, one of the most terrible threats to nato as a whole or to europe or to the united states, sometimes i wonder whether it is 2016 we live in or 1962. >> nato supreme allied commander in europe since told cnn he does not agree with russia's assessment that nato and russia slid into a new cold war. >>> large adoring crowds greet pope francis on his first full day in mexico. always a great scene when he's kissing the little babies. he is there for five days to address key issues. top on his agenda, warring cartels that devastated the country. in the past nine years in mexico, a staggering 80,000 murderers have been attributed to organized crime. shasta darlington is in mexico city for us. shasta, people are clearly excited to see the pope. what about his message? are they inspired by his message as well? >> reporter: they really are, fredricka. that's part of the reason you're seeing all these people turning out. i want to show you, these people ar

>> well, first of all, nato is very much involved in this. we should go to the united nations first, and assume that the russians will veto any kind of u.n. security council resolution. what is the function of united nations at this point if it's simply to sit by and watch idly while hundreds of thousands of people die and starve to death? so what is the u.n. doing? the answer is not very much at this point. so we need to convey that the united nations, if it does not take action, nato takes action, because nato is going to be destabilized with all of these hundreds of thousands of people fleeing syria, coming into europe, some of which contain some terrorist groups, to be sure, and so we've got a nato problem now, and it should be nato taking the sanctions, which include turkey and other countries, but especially since saudi arabia has pledged to put some ground troops in, uae has pledged to join the fight, there has to be an arab face on this, but we have to take a leadership role, as well. the united states has just proposed a budget of so

and nato and the thing i think putin is driven by in part is borders. that's what he feared about georgia and ukraine is nato coming in and being that close to the russian border. they have a long history of worrying about it's borders and putin is driven by that i'd andhe acknowledged it. >> chaos creates opportunities and opportunities people like putin don't want to miss. there's chaos next door he sees an opportunity for expansion. there was an opportunity for turkish representation and rebuild the empire around them and they're competing agendas. >> rose: the book is called "and then all hell broke loose." two decades in the middle east. great to have you. >> a real pleasure. >> rose: thank you for joining us. see you next time. for more about the program visit us online on captioning sponsored by rose communications captioned by media access group at wgbh access.wgbh.org announcer: a kqed television production. woman: it kind of was, like, the bang that set off the night. man: that is the funkiest restaurant. thomas: the honey walnut prawns will m