the wobble of the earth's axis. continental drift, and shifts of the earth's crust. and mortar, to be fired from a signal from earth, sometime within the next year. the impact of its charges, will be picked up by apollo 14 seismometers. as a final exercise, mitchell used the sumter. a device to explode a series a series of controlled shotgun like shots. the vibrations from these that nations, were picked up by instruments he had previously deployed. with the instruments set up an operating. they head back towards and terry's. causing and stopping on the way to collect samples. they loaded their 44 pounds of lunar material, aboard the lunar module, and after four hours and 50 minutes on the surface, they climbed back into and terry's. as shepard and mitchell rested, stuart roosa continued hid his work from lunar orbit. his photographs, would have meeting not only to the scientific community but would have direct bearing on the planning for coming missions. [inaudible] 12 hours and 40 minutes later, shepard and mitchell began their second exploration period. ♪ ♪ â™

, trans earth conjecture. the one burn of the mission that had to work. the burn that would push a politan, out of its lunar orbit. >> the everything looks good. >> roger we're go here. >> we'll see you at home. >> again this most critical maneuver, would take place behind the moon. cut off from early contact. >> roger houston, we are returning to the earth over. >> glad to have you on the way back home. >> for the last time, apollo ten watch the sapphire called earth, rise over a stark lunar horizon. >> and as they had throughout the mission, stafford young and certain, shared with us the sites of their voyage, through television. >> it's a fantastic slate. it's like we are shot up straight out from the center of the moon. >> copy that. >> as the crew of apollo ten hurtled earthward, they decided to perform one more test. a test not in the original objectives of the mission. but one that would solve a problem that baffled space experts for years. >> someone came up with the idea of using this razor, and fresh

the next step is to bring them back to earth. and a discovery on the moon. an abundant supply of water was found, boosting hopes it could one day sustain a lunar base. china also embarked on its latest mission to the moon. a robotic lander gathered up rocks. it then docked with an orbiting spacecraft to return these precious samples to earth. they're the first collected in more than a0 years. china left behind its flag. there's no doubting now that it's a major new power in space. this was the year that would challenge science like never before. from the first reports of a new virus in china, prompting a race against time to understand this new deadly enemy, scientists sequenced dna, revealing the genetic make—up of the virus, and developed tests that could show if someone was infected or not. and they discovered the environments where the virus was most likely to spread — our knowledge of covid was growing fast. we need to concentrate on limiting these large cluster super—spreading events which we know are linked to indoor poorly ventilated environmen

in that moment, their view from the moon moved poet archibald macleish to write, to see the earth as it truly is, small and blue and beautiful, in that eternal silence where it floats, is to see ourselves as riders on the earth together, brothers in that bright loveliness in the eternal cold, brothers who know not they are truly brothers. in that moment of surpassing technological triumph, men turn their thoughts toward home and humanity, seeing in that far perspective that man's destiny on earth is not divisible, telling us that however far we reach into the cosmos, our destiny lies not in the stars, but on earth itself, in our own hands, in our own hearts. we have endured a long night of the american spirit. but as our eyes catch the dimness of the first rays of dawn, let us not curse the remaining dark. let us gather the light. our destiny offers not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. so let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness, and riders on the earth together, let us go forward, firm in our faith, steadfast in our purpose, cautious of the dangers, but susta

earth normally boasts a magnetic field that protects us from solar particles however when solar winds turn into a storm this protection is no longer sufficient. the mass of plasma then presses against the magnetic field compressing it. roman lay on her part of the conrad observatory i'm in austria has been recording changes in earth's magnetic field for years and such geomagnetic measurements can then be used to detect solar storms. protected from external influences he has ensured optimum conditions for his measuring instruments here 50 kilometers southwest of vienna in a geophysical research facility on travel there mountain. normally this magnetic field is rather quiet with hardly any movement but when a solar storm hits we see a significant jump in activity. of these measurements of earth's magnetic field are important in assessing the solar storm data recorded by satellites. the more data are available to us about a solar storm the better we can predict where and with how much force it will reach earth and how much dangerous energy it will unleash the key question is when a solar

such as earth to moon distance, the wobble of the earth's access, continental drift, and shifts. mortar to be fired within the next year. the impact of its charges will be picked up by apollo 14 seismometer. as a final exercise, a device to experience a shotgun like charge, the vibrations from these detonations were picked up by the series of instruments that he had previously deployed. with the instrument set up and operating, they headed back towards the spaceship, pausing along the way to collect samples. they loaded their 44 pound lunar material and after four hours and 50 minutes on the surface, climbed back into the spaceship. as they rested, another astronaut continued his work from lunar orbit. his photographs would have meaning not only to the scientific community, but would have direct bearing. >> [indiscernible] >> 12 hours and 40 minutes later, shepard and mitchell began their second exploration. after loading, mitchell began the journey to calm the crater. shepard adjusted the television camera and then hurried to join his partner. ♪ >> ok houston we are headed tow

. >> that is known in all corners of the earth will now deliver a prayer. by the reverend billy graham. >> bless them as a team, to lead america to the donning of a new day. with renewed trust in god, that will lead to peace, justice and prosperity. we pray this humbly, in the name of the prince of peace, to shed his blood on the cross, that men may have eternal life, amen. >> i present now, the distinguished justice of the19jn supreme court of the united states. the honorableÌ01 earl wallace, o will administer the oath of office to the president. >> do you richard mill house nixon solemnly swear. >> i richard nixon texan do solemnly swear. >> that will you will faithfully execute the office. >> that i will faithfully execute the office. >> as president of the united states. >> as president of the united states. >> and will to the best of your ability. >> and will to the best of my ability. >> preserve protect and defend. >> preserve protect and defend. >> the constitution of the united states. >> the constitution of the united states. >> so help you. god

earth normally boasts a magnetic field that protects us from solar particles however when solar winds turn into a storm this protection is no longer sufficient. the mass of plasma then presses against the magnetic field compressing it. roman laon heart of the conrad observatory i'm in austria has been recording changes in earth's magnetic field for years and such geomagnetic measurements can then be used to detect solar storms. protected from external influences he has ensured optimum conditions for his measuring instruments here 50 kilometers southwest of vienna in a geophysical research facility on travel bad mountain. normally this magnetic field is rather quiet with hardly any movement but when a solar storm hits we see a significant jump in activity. these measurements of earth's magnetic field are important in assessing the solar storm data recorded by satellites. the more data available to us about a solar storm the better we can predict where and with how much force it will reach earth and how much dangerous energy it will unleash the key question is when a solar storm will ov

a huge new facility in the earth's orbit. this behemoth behind me is the backup skylab space station. it is flight ready. nasa built two of them in case they wanted to do two skylab missions or in case there was a hardware problem with the first. we did make a modification. ordinarily, we don't modify flight ready hardware. but in this case, we cut a passageway -- two doors into it and laid down a sort of hallway through the middle of this living quarters so people can walk inside, they can see the living quarters, look into the bathroom, and see a mannequin at the table with some food out on the table. the shower is set up, the exercise by coal -- bicycle is in plain view. they can see that trash airlock. and if they look up, they can be wowed by the amount of free space there is. i mentioned that skylab was occupied in 1973 and 74. the last crew to leave skylab buttoned it up and put it into sleep mode with a view towards a future crew possibly coming back. then nasa got very busy developing the shuttle. what happened to sk

and riders on the earth together, let us go forward. firm in our faith, steadfast in our purpose, cautious of the dangers, but sustained by our confidence in the will of god and the promise of man. [ applause ] [ applause ] >> the ceremonies inaugurating richard nixon as the 37th president of the united states will close with a benediction offered by the archbishop of new york. >> oh, heavenly father, we thank you on this historic day for all the blessings that you have bestowed upon your country from its very beginning up to the present moment. [ applause ] [ applause ] after a luncheon in the capitol building, the next event of the day was the traditional inaugural parade. for many visitors to washington on inaugural day, the parade is the climax of the festivities. it affords color, excitement, and a chance to see their new president. as the presidential escort and honor guard makes the ceremonial journey down pennsylvania avenue to the white house, a spectacular parade follows. >> the vice president of the united states. ♪♪ ♪â

these measurements of earth's magnetic field are important in assessing the solar storm data recorded by satellites. the more data available to us about a solar storm the better we can predict where and with how much force it will reach earth and how much dangerous energy it will unleash the key question is when a solar storm will overload the power grid. professor renna has developed a system enabling him to determine how the extraordinarily high currents will impact the power grid based on geomagnetic measurements taken here in this observatory. solar winds hitting earth are also visible in other ways the magnetic field lines on the side facing the sun connect together and enable electrically charged particles to flow into earth's atmosphere there they stimulate atoms making them glow. so it's actually the effects of solar storms that cause the northern lights of the poles sometimes in red and sometimes in green. in the event of strong solar storms the lights are visible farther away from the polls as well continuing farther and farther toward the equator. it's as rare to see this p

, how to more safely and cleanly use our earth depends on us using these technological advances. so, as we mentioned, how difficult it would be to use the water on the moon. well, a big part of that is being able to recycle your water on the moon. those types of technologies are things that benefit people here every day, and those are the types of technologies that would help us get to a state where we take better care of our planet here on earth, even as we advance farther out into the solar system. it is a fascinating discussion to have. and i thank you so much forjoining me, dr bleacher. thanks for being on hardtalk. my pleasure. thanks for having me. it‘s been a wintry weekend of weather, do watch out for some icy stretches throughout the course of the night in the early hours of monday, particularly in parts of eastern scotland, north—east england as well. during monday we will have further showers coming in here, a little bit wintry but they will be few and far between for most areas. most of the rain showers will be for east anglia, the south—east of england, down to

and nothing stays in earth orbit. there's a space station, one is getting older and older, and cost a lot now. and what we need to do is to form iss laboratories. with the elements of the gateway, where diplomacy comes in. what is china going to do about this? >> that's a subject for the next discussion. [applause] thanks buzz for the efforts you've made to get here, let's honor our sponsors and stick to the timeline what's exit stage left. thank you. >> okay thank you. [applause] >> thank you all. that concludes our program thank you all for coming i would like to take some last moments to think my core organizers. they've been extraordinary partners in this process. the smithsonian teamed up with the u.s. state department, especially the u.s. diplomacy center as well as george washington university space policy institute. i'd like to thank all my colleagues, they're into numerous to name. thank you for your contributions. i'd like to reiterate that we will be celebrating the 50th anniversary of apollo 11 over the ne

if this is the sun earth distance but a sort of appropriate beef like this close to the sun. the parkers solar probe will come 96 percent closer to the sun than earth and the outcome of the sam bishes mission remains uncertain but this is the only way to explore how and when solar storms occur this is there's no question that a strong solar storm will happen in the near future it's just a question of time and we want to be as well protected as possible before. because if a solar storm catches us off guard it causes incredibly high temperatures capable of melting even the biggest transformers in substations as occurred in october 2003 in south africa a widespread abrupt power outage would put water works in their pumps out of service. at the same time pipelines would stop conveying oil because they too run on electricity extended power failures caused by transformer damage would bring nearly everything to a standstill since even emergency power generators can only keep operating for so long scientists warn that everything would come to a stop and food shortages would occur. ea

beam of view and the earth has to be very large in this. as in order to detect it through good and hopefully today we've got to we can. so the term is tucked behind the. wheel but yes it would not see the. load of has to operating temperature. now all the scientists could do was wait and see until the parkas solar probe could transmit its 1st data a journey that would take $88.00 days and nights $88.00 days that would pass according to the rhythm of the sun as they have passed for millions of years. solid time is the time shown by a sundial the engineer carlo helen developed sundials himself and he and his daughter a well acquainted with the rhythm the sun sets out for us and how the day is divided into hours and minutes. on the sun dials produced here you can see that our official summer and winter times rarely coincide with true solar time yet solar time is crucial for our bodies . is on the gate among all the sun rises in the morning and when it reaches its zenith this is referred to as solar noon the real midday zone side and it's defin

. ♪ >> ♪ this is my country, land of my birth this is my country, granted on earth i pledge my allegiance america, for this is my country to have and to hold ♪ ♪ ♪ >> months before the inauguration of a new president, a group of men meet in the nation's capitol. this is the joint congressional inaugural committee. under the chairmanship of the senator from illinois, the members establish policy, work out details. senator dirksen is assisted by senators mike mansfield of montana and edward jordan of north carolina. representative gerald ford of michigan, speaker of the house john mccormack of massachusetts. representative carl albert of oklahoma. mark trice, the executive director of the joint inaugural committee. the nation lays out an elaborate welcome mat for the new president. as the final day approaches, tens of thousands of citizens from every state and territory arrive to witness the momentous event. for many without tickets, it was a long and cold wait. january 20 began with below freezing weather, and thousands of visitors out early to locate a vantage point close to the ina

now we are in the "moving beyond earth" gallery. this is where we treat human spaceflight in the era of the space shuttle and international space station. basically everything that's depicted in this gallery happened since the museum opened in 1976. in fact in that year, the first space shuttle, the test vehicle enterprise, made its debut and it was greeted as a revolution in spacecraft design. this was the first spacecraft to look like an airplane. the first reusable spacecraft that would be able to return to earth, land, be serviced, and fly again. the space shuttle era is all about practical uses of space. practical access to space. practical benefits from space. the distinctive feature of the space shuttle was that it was reusable. and by being reusable, it was supposed to be more economical and more readily used for routine spaceflight. in fact, early on the planners and designers thought it might operate as regularly as an aircraft. it did not work out that way. it turns out even though it was a reusable craft, it was in many

. >> so help me god. [ applause ] >> the beloved ministers known in all corners of the earth will now deliver a prayer, the reverend billy graham. >> bless them as a team to lead america to the dawning of a new day with renewed trust in god that will lead to peace, justice and prosperity. we pray this humbly in the name of the prince of peace who shed his blood on the cross that men might have eternal life, amen. >> i present now the distinguished chief justice of the supreme court of the united states, the honorable earl warren, who will adu(%f.%Ñ the oath of office to the president-elect.fû■!■ >> you richard nixon -- >> i richard nixon do solemnly swear -- >> that you will faithfully execute the office -- >> that i will faithfully execute the office -- >> of president of the united states -- >> of president of the united states -- >> and will to the best of your ability -- >> and will to the best of my ability -- >> preserve, protect and defend -- >> preserve, protect and defend -- >> the constitution of the united states -- >> the constitution of the united states -- >> so he

usually air turbulence in the atmosphere poses an obstacle to observing the sun from earth but luzzi a client has a special mirror in her telescope that can compensate for such distortions. what's more the swiss scientist can observe the sun around the clock from here. the park is all approach the congress only prayed can take measurements there not giving certain periods when it's close to the sun well we can take solar measurements every day. the telescope strong point however is it particularly high resolution enabling the astrophysicist to study the sun spots with precision. is on the head i mean his son has an 11 year cycle meaning that every 11 years it exhibits a particularly large number of cardinal mass ejections and sunspots and we've been aware of this cycle for centuries in the past sunspots were seen as somehow evil because every time their current they lead to disturbances and so less storms but we now know that sunspots are actually just cool areas on the sunset. around the spots the sun's surface resembles a pot of boiling water with hot plasma rising from the depths

in this time of pandemic and climate change here on earth, is space exploration a potential lifeline or a massive vanity project? jacob bleacher in washington, dc, welcome to hardtalk. hey, thanks for having me. glad to be here. it's a real pleasure to have you. and i want to begin with that nasa announcement of little more than a week ago, where we learned that you guys have discovered a form of water on the sunlit part of the moon's surface. it seems extraordinary to me that we're still learning such basic things about the moon. so, just explain what this actually means. sure. absolutely. so, what we did was confirm that there is actual water in some of the sunlit areas of the moon. we've made some observations in the past that have identified hydrogen and oxygen, but it's difficult to determine from those observations if it's the kind of water that you would drink or maybe some other mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, like hydroxyl or maybe something more like drain cleaner. so, those are two very different things with respect to how we would access them, use them, study them. so, th

or the origin of life on earth do we really know how life could have emerged on earth 4000000000 years ago not really you know you can have life in a laboratory you can make it but that doesn't mean that you know what happened 4000000000 years ago so therefore questions they can ask good scientific questions that. the framework of science could not give you answers so that's why i'm an optimist because the fact that we never will know something means that scientists will always having climate will always be able to be where jerry here's a very human question because we humans are used to you know always sort of fair aiming at a goal and reaching a heel and actually getting there but if you're saying that we're all going to like this if this never bits to top of the hill always kind of stay ignorant what's the point of everything and then here you go so i'm a mountain runner and i actually have used this analogy in a different way which is the falling so you're going up the hill and this hill this mountain is your objective right and then when you get to the top of that mountain there a

what on earth made you want to net mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back _ mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back in _ mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back in a _ mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back in a boat _ mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back in a boat as _ mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back in a boat as a - mum i can be. what on earth made you want to get back in a boat as a mum . want to get back in a boat as a mum of three very young children, and put yourself through this once again? put yourself through this once auain? ,, ::, put yourself through this once atain? ,, . ., :, put yourself through this once auain? ,, :. :, :, again? steve came to me and said that most people's _ again? steve came to me and said that most people's lockdown - again? steve came to me and said i that most people's lockdown project is learning to crochet, and mine was getting to the olympics. what happened was i was getting my fitness back from h

it's a 14000000 square kilometer no man's land of polar cold the lowest known temperature on earth 94.7 degrees celsius was recorded him. the south pole is probably the world's most inaccessible location. well almost there's also the pole of inaccessibility which is also here in antarctica. 2 even music sounds different here to anywhere else on earth. in fact everything feels different. people from more than 30 countries and cultures live together in a close friendly community. antarctica is a very international community and most definitely historically and presently there are many club or a sions the beauty of research work in antarctica is that it is driven by sharing of resources because you cannot survive on this continent if you want to do it on your own so there is a very active. it's almost a baltar in culture of we do this for you then you help us out in another area. where a war is there's greater because i should worry. more. are sure that there are a few years as a crowd now. every court that. everyone here knows that a trauma surgeon is spending the winter at russia's billi

none of us on either side want to live in a scorched earth senate. the institution and the american people deserve a lot better. there is no doubt, none, that's what we would see if democrats tear up this pivotal rule. it would become immediately and painfully clear to the democratic majority that they had indeed just broken the senate. this gambit would not seed the democrats' ambitions. it would delay them terribly. and it would hamstring the biden presidency over a power grab which the president has spent decades warning against and still opposes. finally, at some point, the shoe would find its way to the other foot. and when republicans next control the government, we would be able to repeal every bill that had just been rammed through, and we would set about defending the unborn, exploring domestic energy, unleashing free enterprise, defunding sanctuary cities, securing the border, protecting workers' paychecks from union bosses. you get the picture. but a few years later, democrats would try to flip it all back. so instead of building stable co

even music sounds different here to anywhere else on earth. in fact everything feels different. people from more than 30 countries and cultures live together in a close friend li community. antarctica is a very international community and most definitely historically and presently there are many. the beauty of research work in antarctica that it is driven by sharing of resources because you cannot survive on this continent if you want to go it on the euro so there is a very active. it's almost a bolter in culture of we do this for you then you help us out in another area. where a war is there's greater does or should i. is the last was counterfeit of abide. by a few years it's as a book out now. that . everyone here knows that a trauma surgeon is spending the winter at russia's billings house and station that means anyone who's injured get sent to him. chileans have a dentist so everyone goes to freebase to have their teeth fixed. she was worse than. ever. one of them might. discover also for what. it was of the moment would feel. pretty good they were going to get a job but you

and this makes us special among the nations of the earth. our government has no power except that granted it by the people. it is time to check and reverse the growth of government, which shows signs of having grown beyond the consent of the governed. it is my intention to curb the size and influence of the federal establishment and to demand recognition of the distinction between the powers granted to the federal government and those reserved to the states or to the people. [applause] all of us need to be reminded that the federal government did not create the states, the states created the federal government. [applause] now, so there will be no misunderstanding, it's not my intention to do away with government. it is rather to make it work, work with us, not over us, to stand by our side, not ride on our back. government can and must provide opportunity, not smother it; foster productivity, not stifle it. if we look to the answer as to why for so many years we achieved so much, prospered as no other people on earth, it was because here in

doesn't earn your work using the earth the. earth can't sleep. earth couldn't stand. the currents. i want people looking for me. there are many answers. there are many reasons. and there are many alternatives. to. make up your own mind. d.w. made for martin's. this is deja vu news and these are our top stories a recording has emerged of u.s. president donald trump pressuring a georgia election official to overturn his loss to joe biden the washington post 1st published the phone call between from bonds in georgia secretary of state fraud russians berger.

life on earth moon is a kind and. gigantic coincidence. that previously the earth was just in a messy chemistry lab of all nations. where the improbable but. the creation of our solar system with our planet is a bit like winning the lottery there is a good. one for earth for you starts feb 11th on t.w. . this is news and these are our top stories u.s. president joe biden has signed a raft of executive orders aimed at curbing rising temperatures worldwide the authors establish climate change as a major national security and foreign policy issue for the u.s. biden said his country must leave the global response to the climate crisis. the european union has told drug maker astra zeneca that it must do.

on april 22nd, earth day, which will include a leader-level reconvening of the major economies forum. we'll have specifics to lay out over time, but the convening of this summit is essential to ensuring that the -- that 2021 is going to be the year that really makes up for lost time of the last four years and that the u.n. climate conference, cop-26 as it's called, which the uk is hosting in to make sure that it is an un, qualified success. the road to glasgow will be marked not just by promises but by progress at a pace that we can all be proud of. and gina is going to be putting her efforts into making certain that that is true. the world will measure us by what we can do here at home. so with these executive actions today, we believe we're stepping further don that journey. thank you.

the south of the of the group of the earth as the british it's a look at them for stupid as a short to put in the social and delicious to of the. late 20th century saw the 1st attempts to reach the lake by drilling through the kilometers of ice that concealed this unique body of water. that was here to their concerts and they would be. to us in. the borehole was dubbed 5 g. one and drilling began in 1809 serviette french and american members of the joint expedition at the vast uk station all took part. in my work as related to studies of the pastrana in the antarctic their ice cores being drilled they're about 10 centimeters in diameter and up towards freakonomics. known. researches from various countries drill through the antarctic all using their unique methods but only at the russian station have drillers managed to reach the ice boundary. and then make water where they stopped. apparently there's no way to take water samples from the lake without introducing contaminating microorganisms. so far we have no way of knowing whether there is life in the most ancient water on earth but p

the catastrophic flaw was only found after march when it sent fuzzy pictures back to earth. fortunately hubble construction allowed the problem to be rectified. a total of 5 servicing russians corrected the optics and installed new instruments. that not only extended the life of the orbiting telescope the drilling missions made hubble. the world's best known telescope and help to sharpen the awesome images that captured. hubble's silent gaze open the way to trail blazing astronomical discoveries. that showed us that the universe is expanding at a constantly increasing rate a discovery that won the nobel prize for physics in 2011 thanks to hubble we also know the universe is about 12 to 13000000000 years old. by looking deeper into space than ever before couple helped our understanding of how galaxies evolve. the data from the telescope reveals that most large galaxies have a supermassive black hole lurking at their center. hubble has given us new insights into the life of stars. how inside clouds of dust they are born. and how they die. hubble images have enabled us to recon

hubble can actually be seen with the naked eye but only from certain regions of the earth . the space telescope delivers masses of data. respect to one of the people who uses that data to create stunning pictures. feel the scale and the size of the spillers and even on the images transforming into what we're a nation. you feel so much happening don't feel that the light from the stars in the spillers you see the different layers you see stars on the back of the star on the ground you see in these pillars in between it's really a stunning stunning of. all these little structures on this little. fingers in the gas it's bizarre that from from the stars being born which are shaping and carving the gas wrong. it's absolutely stunning. pictures that amaze but also inspire awe. they were created by martin kahn massa and luis posada a combination of science and art. oh you have them we wanted to know just how it's done so we set up an interview with luis posada which due to the coronavirus pandemic was conducted remotely. and the cameras are not like that additional a photographic m

with everyone on earth as curly's to say. why don't you go out and do the television shows and not spend all the time the laboratory . go to naturalization ceremonies and kindergartens and so any other things that he did to talk about science. and he would say, when you are in love, you want to tell the world. and that's what attempt but in my book which is very personal in any ways. and of course personal in ways that the television show could not be. i felt, will that's what i wanted to do was to share this knowledge. we just no longer in town developed me. it's no longer boring and no longer something that i felt alienated from. instead i felt a desire to tell these stories come these great science and heroic figures and people who chose death rather than telling a lie about science. i don't think i could do that . and people who you have never heard of, they're not the door was the galileo's. throughout the household names. but instead they are on some heroes who lived so bravely and dramatically. and who made it possible

a true up it will look the same but in reality we are pointing in different directions because the earth is round of course so we point in different directions so which one is a true up which is all true up is up to me and up to you and if we if your brother was floating and astronauts outside the earth that. doesn't mean anything because for him all directions are the same there's no up so there's no up in the universe the universe doesn't have an apple direction in a down direction but there isn't up to me in one direction as a map for you in another direction in the same time there is no global time in the universe the unit doesn't have a time but we. creatures that are only an environment in these heat then there is a long story around experience. which is our own time and if you look very very carefully we see the differences even from a time a different altitude can i ask you something so why does time if they doesn't exist at the makers copeck state of things right have a direction i mean why is it never pointed backwards. and though this is a great question. it came as a surprise

narrator: on this episode of "earth focus," climate change is forcing people to migrate in search of food and shelter, altering traditional lifestyles across the globe. in tijuana, mexico, haitians fleeing devastation are building a neighborhood as their dreams of entering the united states dwindle. while in mongolia, the traditional herding lifestyle is threatened as drought forces a new generation to the capital in search of opportunities. [makelson derilus speaking spanish] [greetings exchanged in spanish] [man on podium speaking spanish] [man speaking spanish] [both speaking spanish] [derilus speaking] isabel rivera-collazo: we think of migrants and refugees as these people that are coming to take over our country. we don't see that these are the people that got to the point that it was so hard for them to survive that it was easier to face death than to stay. because that's what they are facing when they decide to get on a boat or they decide to cross a border or they decide to cross the desert, they're facing their own death, they're facing the death of their loved ones, their

well the reason is because us longer to stay on earth so ga can and daily we go to the mountain the. highest these differences are very small extremely small and in fact in my when i teach physics i gave to my students sometimes the exercise will compute what is the difference of time your brother go up to live in the mountain the highest. village you can imagine and then it comes down after 50 years and what is the difference of time is always a computer the difference is just a fraction of a 2nd so too small for our. to get it but if you have instrument you can measure it and we do measure it and the spectacular thing is even today we can measure it not just the mountains but even 20 centimeters higher 20 centimeters long we can see that this clock goes faster and this clock is slower and when you know the g.p.s. the little thing we use you know driving the car that locates us it was through some satellite and when the satellites were put up there at the beginning was americans in the seventy's and then it was done you know by the russians the chinese the indians now we have many s